试论我国科技期刊发展的集团化趋势

在分析我国科技期刊发展的现状的基础上,提出了集团化是科技期刊发展的必然趋势。     

冷温血停搏液心肌保护效应血清CK—MB,CTn—T的变化研究

为探讨血停搏液不同灌注对心肌保护效应，２８只低温体外循环犬，按停搏液灌注方式随机分为四组：Ａ组为冷晶组，Ｂ组为冷血组，Ｃ组为温血组，Ｄ组为冷温血组。     

汉语“着”的日译浅析

汉语中的“着”字，是一个常见的多音、多词性、多义的词，出现频率高，使用范围广，因此，把汉语“着”字译成日语时，也就出现了多种不同的译法。本文按照“着”字的汉语读音、词性、词义的顺序，通过实例就它的日译问题进行一番分析。     

细菌Ⅲ型分泌系统装配的研究进展

细菌Ⅲ型分泌系统的发现是病原菌致病机理的重大发现。病原菌为了生存和进入真核宿主细胞,经过长期进化逐渐形成了入侵宿主细胞的特异性机制,其中最显著的机制是细菌Ⅲ型分泌系统(T3SS)。T3SS可以将病原菌效应蛋白直接注入宿主细胞中。最初T3SS只是在少数的致病菌中发现,后来在人类、动物甚至植物的共生菌或益生菌中都有发现。近几年在T3SS的结构、装配以及致病机理的研究上取得巨大的进展。研究T3SS的装配不仅有助于探索病原菌的致病机制,还对研究细胞器装配和蛋白分泌有很大的帮助。     

Effects of Shading on Chlorophyll Content,Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthesis of Subterranean Clover

A field‐experiment (2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons) was conducted in the coastal plain of south‐eastern Sicily (37°03′N, 15°18′E, 15 m a.s.l.), on a Calcixerollic Xerochrepts soil, aimed at quantifying the effect of shading on chlorophyll (Chl) content, Chl fluorescence, photosynthesis and growth of subterranean clover. Four levels of photosynthetically active radiation reduction (from 0 % to 90 %) were tested on Trifolium brachycalycinum cv. ‘Clare’ and Trifolium subterraneum ecotype ‘Ragalna’. In both species shading progressively increased F_v/F_m, internal CO₂ concentration, diffusive leaf resistance and specific leaf area (up to 8 %, 34 %, 18 % and 68 %, respectively), and decreased Chl content, T_max, photosynthetic rate and plant dry weight (up to 9 %, 24 %, 79 % and 39 %, respectively). As plants aged, characteristic bell‐shaped trends were evident for photosynthetic parameters, with F_v/F_m increasing up until the onset of flowering, and thereafter declining. This implies that F_v/F_m may be a useful indicator of earliness in subterranean clover genotypes. The aboveground dry biomass response to shading was both genotype‐ and season‐dependent, but was predictable from the measurement of relative leaf Chl content. Moreover, our results suggest that an improvement in the interaction between host‐rhizobium may represent a major potential breeding target for enhancing subterranean clover tolerance to shading.     

高温条件下复合抗应激剂对肉鸡的影响

本文研究了高温条件下复合抗应激剂对肉鸡的影响。结果表明：经历３２ ℃一周的５ ～８ 周龄肉鸡采食量、增重、饲料转化率均显著下降（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ，饮服复合抗应激剂显著改善增重和饲料转化率（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ， 采食量未见明显改变，饲料转化率达到常温水平。３２ ℃１６ 小时血浆皮质酮、Ｔ３ 显著下降（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 、Ｔ４ 显著升高（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ；３２ ℃１２０ 小时血浆皮质酮、Ｔ３ 升高并超出常温组（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 、Ｔ４ 较１６ 小时下降但仍高出常温组（Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 。饮服复合抗应激剂时血浆皮质酮、Ｔ３ 、Ｔ４ 显现相同变化规律，但这种变化得到显著缓解     

The mutagenesis of a type IV secretion system locus of Piscirickettsia salmonis leads to the attenuation of the pathogen in Atlantic salmon,Salmo salar

Piscirickettsiosis is a threatening infectious disease for the salmon industry, due to it being responsible for significant economic losses. The control of outbreaks also poses considerable environmental challenges. Despite Piscirickettsia salmonis having been discovered as the aetiological agent of the disease more than 25 years ago, its pathogenicity remains poorly understood. Among virulence factors identified so far, type four secretion systems (T4SS) seem to play a key role during the infection caused by the bacterium. We report here the genetic manipulation of P. salmonis by means of the transference of plasmid DNA in mating assays. An insertion cassette was engineered for targeting the icmB gene, which encodes a putative T4SS‐ATPase and is carried by one of the chromosomal T4SS clusters found within the genome of P. salmonis PM15972A1, a virulent representative of the EM‐90‐like strain. The molecular characterization of the resulting mutant strain demonstrated that the insertion interrupted the target gene. Further in vitro testing of the icmB mutant showed a dramatic drop in infectivity as tested in CHSE‐214 cells, which is in agreement with its attenuated behaviour observed in vivo. Altogether, our results demonstrate that, similar to other facultative intracellular pathogens, P. salmonis’ virulence relies on an intact T4SS.     

Time after seawater transfer influences immune cell abundance and responses to SAV3 infection in Atlantic salmon

Pancreas disease (PD) caused by salmonid alphavirus (SAV) severely affects salmonid aquaculture during the seawater phase. To characterize immune cells in target tissues for SAV infection, heart, pancreas and pyloric caeca were analysed from two groups of fish adapted to seawater for 2 and 9 weeks. The sections were scored for the relative abundance of cells expressing MHC class II, IgM, CD3, CD8 or neutrophil/granulocyte markers using immuno‐histochemical techniques. In general, necrosis of tissue was more severe in fish infected at 2 weeks post‐seawater transfer (wpt) compared with those infected at 9 wpt. At 9 wpt, there were higher numbers of MHC II⁺ cells in heart, pancreas and pyloric caeca, IgM⁺ cells in heart and pancreas, and CD3⁺ cells in pancreas compared to those infected at 2 wpt. The majority of the immune cells infiltrating PD‐affected tissues were MHC II⁺ and CD3⁺ cells suggesting that antigen‐presenting cells and T lymphocytes are the main types of immune cells responding to SAV infection. All the investigated cell types were also observed in pyloric caeca of infected fish, suggesting that this tissue may play a role in the immune response to SAV.     

福州三坊七巷私家园林建筑形制研究

福州三坊七巷私家园林建筑在传承中国江南古典园林建筑风格的基础上,明显地融入了福州本土的民俗、信仰等文化要素,也因应了福州本土的自然环境要素,形成了具有鲜明福州地方特色的园林建筑形制。除了福州本土文化,因福州地理位置的特殊性,在近代西方建筑文化的影响下,三坊七巷私家园林建筑也留下了西式园林建筑元素的痕迹,构成三坊七巷私家园林建筑地域性特点的另一面。文章在实地调研的基础上,与文献调查相结合,通过分析研究,揭示福州三坊七巷私家园林建筑语汇的结构脉络及构成要素,为福州三坊七巷私家园林建筑的进一步研究奠定基础。     

Tαl螺旋藻培育鲍苗的应用效果研究

在8口23.2 m2的池中,于水温12.5～17.7℃、盐度30的传统养殖模式下,研究饲料中定量添加Tαl螺旋藻喂养鲍苗的培育效果.试验组和对照组分别投放壳长(3.68±0.04)mm和(3.66±0.07)mm,密度(5 755±429)粒·m-2和(5 733±169)粒·m-2的鲍苗,经过133 d的养殖,鲍壳长...